Shogi/Shogi.Domain/ShogiBoardState.cs

using System.Numerics;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace Shogi.Domain
{
	// TODO: Avoid extending dictionary. Use composition instead.
	// Then validation can occur when assigning a piece to a position.
	public class ShogiBoardState
	{
		private static readonly string BoardNotationRegex = @"(?<file>[a-iA-I])(?<rank>[1-9])";
		private static readonly char A = 'A';
		public delegate void ForEachDelegate(Piece element, Vector2 position);
		/// <summary>
		/// Key is position notation, such as "E4".
		/// </summary>
		private readonly Dictionary<string, Piece?> board;

		public List<Piece> Hand => WhoseTurn == WhichPlayer.Player1 ? Player1Hand : Player2Hand;
		public List<Piece> Player1Hand { get; }
		public List<Piece> Player2Hand { get; }
		public List<Move> MoveHistory { get; }
		public WhichPlayer WhoseTurn { get; set; }
		public WhichPlayer? InCheck { get; set; }
		public bool IsCheckmate { get; set; }

		public ShogiBoardState()
		{
			board = new Dictionary<string, Piece?>(81);
			InitializeBoardState();
			Player1Hand = new List<Piece>();
			Player2Hand = new List<Piece>();
			MoveHistory = new List<Move>();
		}


		/// <summary>
		/// Copy constructor.
		/// </summary>
		public ShogiBoardState(ShogiBoardState other) : this()
		{
			foreach (var kvp in other.board)
			{
				board[kvp.Key] = kvp.Value == null ? null : new Piece(kvp.Value);
			}
			WhoseTurn = other.WhoseTurn;
			InCheck = other.InCheck;
			IsCheckmate = other.IsCheckmate;
			MoveHistory.AddRange(other.MoveHistory);
			Player1Hand.AddRange(other.Player1Hand);
			Player2Hand.AddRange(other.Player2Hand);
		}

		public Piece? this[string notation]
		{
			// TODO: Validate "notation" here and throw an exception if invalid.
			get => board[notation.ToUpper()];
			set => board[notation.ToUpper()] = value;
		}

		public Piece? this[Vector2 vector]
		{
			get => this[ToBoardNotation(vector)];
			set => this[ToBoardNotation(vector)] = value;
		}

		public Piece? this[int x, int y]
		{
			get => this[ToBoardNotation(x, y)];
			set => this[ToBoardNotation(x, y)] = value;
		}

		public void ForEachNotNull(ForEachDelegate callback)
		{
			for (var x = 0; x < 9; x++)
			{
				for (var y = 0; y < 9; y++)
				{
					var position = new Vector2(x, y);
					var elem = this[position];
					if (elem != null)
						callback(elem, position);
				}
			}
		}

		public static string ToBoardNotation(Vector2 vector)
		{
			return ToBoardNotation((int)vector.X, (int)vector.Y);
		}
		public static string ToBoardNotation(int x, int y)
		{
			var file = (char)(x + A);
			var rank = y + 1;
			return $"{file}{rank}";
		}
		public static Vector2 FromBoardNotation(string notation)
		{
			notation = notation.ToUpper();
			if (Regex.IsMatch(notation, BoardNotationRegex))
			{
				var match = Regex.Match(notation, BoardNotationRegex);
				char file = match.Groups["file"].Value[0];
				int rank = int.Parse(match.Groups["rank"].Value);
				return new Vector2(file - A, rank - 1);
			}
			throw new ArgumentException($"Board notation not recognized. Notation given: {notation}");
		}

		private void InitializeBoardState()
		{
			this["A1"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Lance, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["B1"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Knight, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["C1"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.SilverGeneral, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["D1"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.GoldGeneral, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["E1"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.King, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["F1"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.GoldGeneral, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["G1"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.SilverGeneral, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["H1"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Knight, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["I1"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Lance, WhichPlayer.Player1);

			this["A2"] = null;
			this["B2"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Bishop, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["C2"] = null;
			this["D2"] = null;
			this["E2"] = null;
			this["F2"] = null;
			this["G2"] = null;
			this["H2"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Rook, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["I2"] = null;

			this["A3"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["B3"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["C3"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["D3"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["E3"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["F3"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["G3"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["H3"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player1);
			this["I3"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player1);

			this["A4"] = null;
			this["B4"] = null;
			this["C4"] = null;
			this["D4"] = null;
			this["E4"] = null;
			this["F4"] = null;
			this["G4"] = null;
			this["H4"] = null;
			this["I4"] = null;

			this["A5"] = null;
			this["B5"] = null;
			this["C5"] = null;
			this["D5"] = null;
			this["E5"] = null;
			this["F5"] = null;
			this["G5"] = null;
			this["H5"] = null;
			this["I5"] = null;

			this["A6"] = null;
			this["B6"] = null;
			this["C6"] = null;
			this["D6"] = null;
			this["E6"] = null;
			this["F6"] = null;
			this["G6"] = null;
			this["H6"] = null;
			this["I6"] = null;

			this["A7"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["B7"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["C7"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["D7"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["E7"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["F7"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["G7"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["H7"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["I7"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Pawn, WhichPlayer.Player2);

			this["A8"] = null;
			this["B8"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Rook, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["C8"] = null;
			this["D8"] = null;
			this["E8"] = null;
			this["F8"] = null;
			this["G8"] = null;
			this["H8"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Bishop, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["I8"] = null;

			this["A9"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Lance, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["B9"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Knight, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["C9"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.SilverGeneral, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["D9"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.GoldGeneral, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["E9"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.King, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["F9"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.GoldGeneral, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["G9"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.SilverGeneral, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["H9"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Knight, WhichPlayer.Player2);
			this["I9"] = new Piece(WhichPiece.Lance, WhichPlayer.Player2);
		}
	}
}